For many women, going for a run is no longer simply about exercise. It can involve planning around safety, daylight, traffic and the possibility of encountering danger.
Women often have to consider which route to take, whether to carry a phone and how late they can safely remain outside.
The concerns become more intense when running alone. A slowing vehicle, a quiet road or a stranger walking nearby can quickly turn an ordinary run into a situation that requires extra caution.
Recent cases involving women who have gone missing or been killed have renewed concerns about the safety of women who exercise outdoors.
Women have also described changing their routines, running in groups and using messaging groups to coordinate running schedules.
For some, the fear extends beyond their own safety to concern for other women they see running alone.
The situation has also highlighted an uncomfortable reality: women are often expected to take additional precautions to avoid becoming victims of crime.
Questions about carrying pepper spray, avoiding certain areas or returning home before dark have become part of everyday conversations about running.
While some may describe these concerns as paranoia, the recent incidents have reinforced fears that many women have carried for years.
For women, a simple recreational run can therefore come with a long list of safety calculations before they even leave home.
